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How to read the database

The symbols, columns and conventions used in every results table — from wind readings to withdrawn medals.

01

Olympic champions

The OG badge next to a name marks an Olympic gold medallist, wherever that athlete appears in the archive.

Julien Alfred OG Tina Clayton
02

Wind & information

Shown in small type after a mark: the wind reading in sprints and horizontal jumps where it is known, otherwise one of these technical notes.

+1.2
Wind reading in metres per second, sprints and horizontal jumps
w
Windy, but no certain measurement available
w?
Possibly not a legal performance — unsure whether windy
nwi
No wind information
n/a
Not available
i
Indoor performance
,5
Additional half-centimetre measurement in jumps and throws (earlier times)
,000
Decathlon points fractions, before 1934
pts
Points in team competitions, mostly cross country or road
03

Records

The Record column shows records set with the medal. It is not yet complete.

WR
World record
WIR
World indoor record
WB
World best
OR
Olympic record
AR
Area (continental) record
CR
Championship record
NR
National record
WU20R
World U20 record
WU18B
World U18 best
AU23R
Area U23 record
AU20R
Area U20 record
AU18R
Area U18 record
=
Equals the existing record
*
Record set in heats or qualifying — see the notes
04

Stripped medals

Medals withdrawn after disciplinary sanctions — mostly doping — are marked DQ and struck through in red. The result keeps its place and mark on record, and the Notes column explains what happened.

  1. DQ Kelli White 10.85
  2. 1 Torri Edwards 10.93
  3. 2 Chandra Sturrup 11.02
2003 World Championships · women’s 100m
05

Former nations

Some nations that no longer exist are merged under today’s code, and the notes give the flag each medallist competed under.

GER · Notes: competed under flag FRG (1949–89)
06

Relay splits

When split times are known, every runner’s split is listed in the notes of the relay result.

07

Adjusted times

Some marks were measured electronically later and adapted — mostly 1/10 s results converted to 1/100 s in earlier Olympic results.

08

Ties

Tie-break details are in the Notes column: thousandths in sprints, or attempt series in the vertical jumps.

e.g. 10.844 vs 10.846 · or xxo vs xo
09

Youth Olympics 2018

Buenos Aires combined two races into one final result. All marks are in the Notes column (total = first + second) instead of the Mark column.

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